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10 January 2017

Blasphemy: Secondary Effects Trump Primary Concerns – A Retrospect


By Sam Frescoe
#SamFrescoe

As the new Congress sits and the next President awaits, I find myself reflecting on the past decade of American “leadership.” In doing so, I’ve learned something about those entrusted with social-political responsibilities? – The majority of our “leaders” are cowards.

The majority of American “leaders” (politicians especially, but not exclusively) are very good at executing two primary strategies: aggravate secondary issues and effects, and avoid primary concerns. In other words, act to temporarily satisfying social effects in order to secure gains; whereas, evade cultural drivers (especially sub-cultural drivers) to avoid losses.

Who is looking into why the group was founded, or why people mobilized in mass, in the first place? And, if “leaders” are looking into those effects, then why are we not hearing the harsh, unpopular, wart-covered truths of those matters?

As a way of illustration, if a group acts out in mass against an injustice, and does the acting in the name of righteousness, then the likely result is either appeasement of the mob and/or silencing of its critics. However, the underlying matters that drove the founding of the group, or that prompted the people to mobilize in mass, are ignored, understated, disavowed, or (simply) never mentioned.

Common examples of secondary effects and issues include movements and ideas such as Black Lives Matter, acceptance of Sharia Law, social justice, hate speech, racism, censorship schemes, protected class rights, normalization of dysphoria, selective demonization of religion, and corruption (just to name a few). All of these are secondary effects; and, even though they are being appeased, they continue to be hotly debated. 

I fully appreciate that individuals have strong views concerning these effects. I have strong concerning these effects. However, personal views are not the point. – The point is that those in “leadership” positions are not reducing, abating, or eliminating underlying drivers (the primary effects) that prompt the forming and rise of secondary effects. Instead, they are catering to secondary effects directly or by not addressing primary effects.

So, why don’t our “leaders” deal in primary effects? – Simple, championing primary solutions is not popular.

Blasphemy

Seeking to reduce, abate, or eliminate primary effects is social-political blasphemy.

Blasphemy, or to mere appearance thereof, is treated as a form of sacrilege, irreverence, desecration, or demonic attack against any particular secondary effect. As a result, ideological vacuums are created. In these vacuums, ideological diversity is allowed to fester into irrational dissent aimed at society at large. When this dissent is attached to a culture or sub-culture, those views become empowered to emerge as sanctioned effects. In turn, non-conforming elements of society are framed as wrong-doers. Given sufficient time, diversity of dissenting views becomes excessively large, while proximity of dissenting views becomes excessively small. As a result, there is social-political warfare. – Some examples (summaries) are given below.

Racial Justice

·         Secondary Effects: Certain groups of blacks gathered to express grievances for what they believed were unjust practices against blacks at large. Initially, gatherings were peaceful, local, and largely ignored by the national discourse. Unsatisfied, and to garner social-political attention, violence was executed towards people and property.

o   Rationale: Justifications included the following: white supremacy, righteous revenge, colonial racism, white culture, legal suppression, the existence of the United States itself, racism in general, lack of jobs, low minimum wage, existence of police, social justice, white guilt, bigotry, lack of money, bad schools, violent music, poor education, abuse by others, general meanness, failure to truly understand, and on and on and on.

o   Response: Upon initiation of violence, the media covered their activities 24/7. Local “leaders” chose not to meet the mob with force; and then, announced that decision across the media. Having communicated license, violence expanded. All opposed were branded racists and silenced. – At all levels, “leaders” legitimized the behavior and its results. For example, a BLM founder sat at the right hand of the President during a Cabinet meeting (displacing the Vice President to the end of the table).

·         Primary Effects: In general, the majority of protesting individuals represented groups and sub-groups of people that are disconnected from society, culture, and politics at large by their own choosing.

Islamism & Sharia Law

·         Secondary Effects: Certain groups of citizens and non-citizens gathered to express grievances for what they believed was an unjust lack of recognition. Initially, gatherings were peaceful and sought simple recognitions (such as inclusion of Islamic holidays on par with Christian and Jewish holidays). – In some cases, they setup localized sub-cultures that included social codes, schools, places of worship, and court-like mechanisms. When challenged, these groups arranged Islamic patrols, neighborhood watches, political action groups, and financial foundations. – Murder, street violence, and harassment of non-conforming individuals increased sharply in connection to Islam.

o   Rationale: Those participating profess Islam to be the only acceptable true faith, and so empowered to act. Those opposed, or fail to adequately buy-in, are to be identified and dealt with by force per the same authority.

o   Response: Local “leaders” chose to promote parity via multiculturalism. The “religion of peace” narrative was introduced, and police presence was reduced in certain areas. The term Islamophobia (and its derivatives) became commonly accepted as a means to silence dissenters (actual or perceived) by demonization. – National “leaders” proclaimed that “the future must not belong to those who slander the prophet of Islam,” seek to restrict access to weapons (particularly firearms), decreed Islam a race (thus a protected class), remove the definition of terrorism from law enforcement protocols, publish a national security strategy that defers to “international norms,” attack foreign nationals in their own nations with lethal force, deny basic facts about the founding of the United States, and on and on and on. – State “leaders” begin to promote legal positions that allow for Sharia Law, prosecute Christians for “rehabilitation,” and demonized police officers that take down violent actors as Islamophobes before fact patterns are known. And then, turn around and mandate police departments to regularly conduct battle drills and rehearse “active shooter” responses. – Unsympathetic citizens continue to seek to be well-armed, obstruct Islamic initiatives, meet street demonstrations with increasing amounts of force, and (in general) build an opposition to Muslims.

·         Primary Effects: Islamism is not compatible with the American Constitutional Republic, nor reconcilable with the American way of life; therefore, we are going to fight.

Social Justice

·         Secondary Effects: SJW’s, LGBTQ’s, and other non-conforming groups and sub-groups gathered to express grievances against society at large for not accepting their views as being on par with what is considered to be “normal.” Initially, gatherings were peaceful in nature, contained within relatively small areas, and largely ignored within the national discourse. Over time, academia began to recognize social justice curriculum, offer majors based on that curriculum, and market graduates to governmental and activist roles. As a result, these non-conforming groups and sub-groups began leveraging government force as a way and means to secure parity and resources. Upon, meeting resistance, these groups increased legal initiatives to establish political action groups, financial foundations, secure “protected” status, and increase support to favorable learning institutions at all levels.

o   Rationale: To secure equality, non-conforming groups and sub-groups must have absolute rights reserved unto them alone. – Equal rights are secured when the old-normal is sufficiently made subordinate to the new-normal.

o   Response: “Leaders” began to promote group-thinking, political correctness, information curation, subjugation of Christians, targeted prosecution of political opponents, social justice “sciences”, individual mandates under penalty of material damage, protected classes with special rights reserved, forced rehabilitation by government actors, removal of affirmative defense, and other “solutions” into law. Anyone opposed is labeled a _____-ophobe, racist, hater, bigot, fascist, patriarchy, or other undefined-yet-denigrating term. – Local “leaders” advocated for reduction of the “clear and compelling” standard of harm, the ability to mount an affirmative legal defense, and opportunity to bring a grievance against the government for an unjust act/decision (ex: The New York City Human Rights Commission). Well-resourced political activist groups, backed by government expertise, bring legal cases to high courts against defendants not capable of mounting a resistance; thus, establishing legal precedence for normalizing gender and sexual dysphoria as a civil right, justifying use of force by the government, changing the legal definition of “sex” outside the legislative process, placing legal standing of un-emancipated minors above citizens with equal or greater standing, and on and on and on.

·         Primary Effects: Social justice is not compatible with individual justice, nor is it reconcilable with human nature; therefore, social justice is toxic to the American Constitutional Republic and the American way of life. Thus, we are going to fight.

Political Corruption

·         Secondary Effects: Politicians of a sufficiently high ranking, or outsiders of a sufficiently high connection, conspire publicly and privately to realize illegal, unethical, or immoral ends at the expense and damage of other persons, peoples, or nation states.

o   Rationale: Stealing is easier than legitimate earning. In this case, corruption is stealing resources using government power. Moreover, government power and connectivity significantly decreases criminal risk while maximizing ability to steal. – At local levels, corruption is condoned because of the view that high-level corruption does not adversely impact those not already directly involved.

o   Response: Executives claim innocence. Legislatures hold hearings. The Judiciary remains silent. The media demonizes capitalism as cronyism. The People hold their noses and wait for the next election; and then, empower another wave of corruption.

·         Primary Effects: Those that know better, not only arranged the system that allows such acts, but also (even while knowing of its existence) allowing those acts to continue.


Breaking Pathological Apathy
There is a common thread. That thread is the inability of the majority/common citizen to perceive, understand, or appreciate the value of American freedom as immeasurable. In other words, a “leader’s” promise to bestow safety, security, money, comfort, and individual identity are judged to be more valuable than an arrangement that empowers citizens to do those things for themselves.
Sure, on a regular basis, lip service is paid to ideals as we celebrate under their banners. However, when it’s time to do the dirty work of putting down violence done in the promise of being righteous, suppressing incompatible doctrines, ostracizing radical minorities, and not tolerating wrong-doers (all secondary effects) majority/common citizens chooses to fail, and fail miserably. – Why? Because, in their view, protecting American freedom and the American Way of Life is not worth the trouble; and, being in contempt of their civic duty is in no way distressing (all primary effects).
Thread characteristics are as follows: a lack of absolutes by which right and wrong can be objectively measured; a lack of conviction to resist degradation; a lack of courage to act when critical examination and bold correction is needed; and, a lack of faith in the ability of the majority/common citizen to solve problems for his or herself (all contributors to primary effects).
Because the American Way of Life is based on the ideal that free persons must consent to a course of action prior to starting that course, the protection of that ideal falls to the population of free persons (aka: the majority/common citizen). Therefore, the hard work of breaking this form of pathological apathy falls squarely on their shoulders.
Unfortunately, the deck is stacked. Those mechanisms designed to measure and/or correct primary effects have been allowed to erode, or were abdicated all together. – Today, absolutes are not taught in public forums, but allowed in Sunday school (under certain conditions); the Constitution is not studied as a discipline, but given a short number of hours as a matter of high school history.
Additionally, by action and inaction of social-political “leaders,” the majority/common citizen is incentivized to continue the degradation of those fundamental mechanisms that both parties claim to depend upon most dearly. In turn, pathological apathy is promoted. A selection of results of this arrangement include the following: reduction of value of human beings to an arbitrary worth; continued rejection of human nature as a sufficient standard; and increased acceptance of subjective feelings as a quantifiable measure.
 
Blasphemous Leadership Needed
I want to see some blasphemous “leadership” from those entrusted with social-political responsibilities. – I want to see “leaders” with American backbones. It’s time to reduce, abate, or eliminate primary effects BEFORE doing the same for secondary effects. It’s time for “leaders” to respect their constituents enough to say “no” to regressive, corrosive, or destructive ideas.
I want to see some blasphemous “leadership” from those entrusted with sharpening social-political fundamentals. – I want to see citizens display some American grit. It’s time for the majority/common citizen to see through the subterfuge, and standup for his or herself. It’s time for citizens to act in favor of their own good, versus abdicating action to a “higher authority”.
Should Americans decide to restore the primary foundations of inherent rights and human value naturally granted to The People, then the United States will remake itself as a beacon on the hill, and behave as the land of the free and home of the brave.
Thank you. – Sam Frescoe
 
Your View
Your thoughts and perspectives are important. I invite you to tell me what you believe with the comment section below or at samfrescoe@gmail.com.
© 2017 – SamFrescoeProject.Blogspot.com – All Rights Reserved
 



05 January 2017

Who will “Make America Great Again”? Not Trump – The People will!



By Sam Frescoe
http://samfrescoeproject.blogspot.com/
#SamFrescoe

#SamFrescoe #Trump #selfgovernance #Constitution #narrative #charisma #cultofpersonality

After the Presidential election I was pleased to see that the Electoral College process did its job (in effect, select a President). Yet, I was not excited about the results. On one hand, I was profoundly relieved that Clinton was defeated. On the other, I was unsure what the electorate just did.

On Election Day I executed a decision I made weeks before: to vote against the unacceptable option. Since that decision, I’ve been pondering about the “look and feel” of a Trump Presidency. I must admit, the idea of a political-outsider was attractive; but, Trump’s complete lack of “direct relevant experience” keeps providing me with pause.

On 30 Nov 2016, I posted an article titled “Trump – A new President with a new Attitude”. In that article I raised a concern: how can The People forecast the likely behavior (particularly decision-making) of a President Trump? – I came to two conclusions: 1) his leverage of a national-populist framework, guided by an “America First” mindset, is informative; 2) his authoritarian style makes him a wildcard likely to depart from the status quo. – I was left scratching my head.

As of the date of this post, it’s a small number of days before the President-Elect is sworn in as President; and, I’m still driven to pause and ponder. This time the pause is prompted by my observations of media messaging and its narrative. In my view, media messaging generally falls into one of two camps: “He’s not my President” and “Trump is going to make America great again.”

On one hand, there are those that reject the notion of a Trump Presidency. “He’s not qualified,” they claim as fact; or, he’s “illegitimate” and point to election processes. I am not all that concerned about this banter. Come 20 Jan 2017, all of this nonsense will largely be put to rest (as it won’t be as useful anymore) and the die-hards will continue to fade thereafter.

On the other hand, I see the rise of a dogmatic superstar that is known for breaking from the status quo. Additionally, there seems to be an ongoing narrative that “Trump is going to make America great again.” I am quite concerned about this banter. Come 20 Jan 2017, all of this political capital will be available for Executive use. In my view, given the lack of Constitutional couching within the discourse (I’m not referring to political party couching) is a serious problem for the republic. My fear is that The People may be granting consent as a matter of media momentum (aka: a mandate) rather than by a constitutional process (aka: the making of law).

So, in my view, critical questions remain: are The People going to concede their consent or not; and to what degree and how?

“So What?”

Simply stated, the President is just that, and nothing more. Not a ruler, monarch, messiah, hero, king, sovereign, tsar, raja, liege, emperor, majesty, or lord. However, the strength of the administrative state, coupled with an acceptance of Executive Orders on the level of law, does provide any President with a great deal of direct, unchecked, and un-constitutional power.

The United States of America was founded on the ideal of individual self-governance. To that end, the Founders ratified a Constitution that codified an arrangement of national government with enumerated and constrained powers. It happens that the Constitution and Bill of Rights codify a republic form of limited government, according to the consent of The People.

Framing

My intent is to examine media messaging that promotes the notion that “Trump will make America great again” because I want to show you how acceptance of this cult of personality is dangerous to the constitutional republic of the United States of America.

Getting Started

Today’s pro-Trump messaging is effective. I hear it repeated verbatim on the job, in the grocery store, and on the radio. Additionally, I’ve noticed the messaging largely falling into one of two categories: affirming charismatic authority (ex: the Trump Effect) and building a cult of personality (ex: the list of actions Trump is going to do for us). In my view, both versions exhibit harmful potential by fueling Trump’s “wildcard” preferences.

Charismatic Authority

Charismatic authority is a type of leadership in which authority derives from the charisma of the leader versus by legal or traditional authority.[1] In other words, a kind of headship in which authority stems from charm and appeal versus legitimacy by law or establishment by tradition. Additionally, because of this break from the legal and traditional, charismatic authority is often viewed as revolutionary and a means to usher in new normative patterns.[2]

In rhetorical terms, charismatic authority is a leadership type that derives authority from credibility (ethos) versus logic (logos) or empathy (pathos). In a classical sense, it’s a recognition of intelligence, character, and goodwill; and in this case, Trump definitely fits the bill. He is intelligent regarding business and deal-making. He is a strong departure from the “political norm” and seems comfortable around the common citizenry. He seems to go out of his way to demonstrate respect (such as glad-handing with police officers). In my view, all of this seems appropriately Presidential; however, the “revolutionary” warning remains loud and clear.

In my view, this type of messaging represents a potentially serious problem; not because the status quo is acceptable (it’s not), but because charismatic authority is not sufficiently stable to inform an estimation of a new normal.

Cult of Personality

A cult of personality continues to be built as Trump is deliberately presented to The People as a great person who should be admired and loved.[3] Given the incentives of a Presidential election, this approach represents sound strategy for achieving the desired end, winning the election. However, it’s the lingering narrative that suggests The People are helpless without Trump that continues to raise my concern. In short, because political action lags societal momentum, I am concerned that The People are being duped into forfeiting their consent in favor of a promised “a mandate for action.” Now add the recent acceptance of Executive abuses, and the principles of a limited, constitutional republic are in in danger of being outmaneuvered.[4] 

Taken together, fundamental questions remain open: What is the new normative pattern? How far will Trump go to see that America is made great again?

Going Forward

The popular premise that “Trump (himself) will make America great again” is a false narrative. Trump (a single man) will not make America great again. Furthermore, after he is sworn in as President, his ability to lawfully act in a unilateral fashion will become severely curtailed. While Trump can set a “make America great” tone, he cannot simply “make America great.”

The truth is that The People will make America great again. It will be the combined effort of the American people that will “make America great again.” It will be The People that produce; The People that protect lives and property; The People that heal bodies, minds, spirits, and souls; The People that safeguard our ideals; The People that make homes and raise families; The People that put skills in hands and knowledge in minds; The People that put food on the table; The People that maintain the peace; and The People that prepare for war. – The greatness of America is not secured by any one man. The greatness of America is built by a nation of hard-working, freedom-loving Americans.

America was deliberately founded on a good idea: self-governance. Self-governance is a trust amongst us that mutually demands independence, respect, and responsibility at the individual level. The Constitution of the United States, coupled with the Bill of Rights, was ratified to codify a government of limited powers designed to protect this good idea.

The Bottom Line

I am troubled by a political revolution that places charm and appeal above Constitutional law and American ideals. Still, it’s my personal hope that President Trump will usher a new normal that significantly breaks from the status quo and re-institutionalizes an All-American good idea: self-governance. That, indeed, would “make America great again.”

Thank you. – Sam Frescoe


Your View
Your thoughts and perspectives are important. I invite you to tell me what you believe with the comment section below or at samfrescoe@gmail.com.

© 2017 – SamFrescoeProject.Blogspot.com – All Rights Reserved


[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charismatic_authority (accessed 170102) (2 notes, 17 citations, 6 sources)
[2] WEBER LINKS page http Archived April 26, 2005, at the Wayback Machine.  //  Kunin, Seth D. "Religion; the modern theories" University of Edinburgh 2003 ISBN 0-7486-1522-9 page 40
[4] Emily Cadei. “Cult of Personality: How Trump Uses the Playbook of Europe's Far Right”. Newsweek, US. 10 May 2016. http://www.newsweek.com/2016/05/20/how-trump-uses-playbook-europes-far-right-457566.html (accessed 170102)

01 January 2017

Great Dates in American History – January


By Sam Frescoe
samfrescoe@gmail.com
http://samfrescoeproject.blogspot.com/
The Sam Frescoe Project
#SamFrescoe

#SamFrescoe #American #History

American history is important. In my view, by studying the past we may better understand who we are today and where we must go tomorrow. My purpose today is to review major events in American history.

In your view, what are the major events in your American history? – Please leave a comment or send an e-mail (samfrescoe@gmail.com).

  • “The supreme purpose of history is a better world.” – Herbert Hoover, 31st American President (1874-1964)
  • “No matter what accomplishments you make, somebody helps you.” – Althea Gibson, an American tennis player and professional golfer (1927-2003)

1 Jan Annually
New Year’s Day
3rd Monday Annually
MLK Jr Birthday

January 2, 1788
Georgia joined the United States as a State
January 9, 1788
Connecticut joined the United States as a State
January 26, 1837
Michigan joined the United States as a State
January 29, 1861
Kansas joined the United States as a State
January 4, 1896
Utah joined the United States as a State
January 6, 1912
New Mexico joined the United States as a State
January 3, 1959
Alaska joined the United States as a State

January 7, 1800
Millard Fillmore was born
January 29, 1843
William McKinley was born
January 30, 1882
Franklin D. Roosevelt was born
January 9, 1913
Richard Nixon was born

20 Jan 1981
Iran Hostage Crisis Ends
28 Jan 1986
Challenger Inflight Disaster


Going Forward

“If we know where we came from, we may better know where to go. If we know who we came from, we may better understand who we are.” - Anonymous

“Preserve your memories, keep them well, what you forget you can never retell.” – Louisa May Alcott, an American novelist and poet (1832-1888)

“Maintaining one’s culture, values and traditions is beyond price.” – Getano Lui, Council member for Iama
“Every man is a quotation from all his ancestors.” – Ralph Waldo Emerson, an American essayist, lecturer, and poet (1803-1882)
Thank you. – Sam Frescoe


Your View

Your thoughts and perspectives are important. I invite you to tell me what you believe with the comment section below or at samfrescoe@gmail.com.

© 2017 – SamFrescoeProject.Blogspot.com – All Rights Reserved

 

30 December 2016

America Needs the Christmas Season


By Sam Frescoe
samfrescoe@gmail.com
http://samfrescoeproject.blogspot.com/
The Sam Frescoe Project
#SamFrescoe

#SamFrescoe #Christmas #exceptional #self-governance #season
#heritage #tradition #faith #secular #non-secular #santa
There are those that will say this post is several days too late. However, there are those that may say this post is still a bit early. Still, there may be others that say this post is “in the season.” In any case, when the Christmas season comes around, there is something for everyone.

I want to dig into the breadth and depth of the Christmas season, that time leading up to December 25th and concluding after the New Year. My desire is to show you that a greater understanding of this period of celebration can assist us to better understand why the USA is exceptional. To this end, I am going to change my voice away from disagreement and towards discovery. While this article is brief, and in no way capable of discussing every aspect, I hope you will enjoy the read.

“So What?”

The United States of America is an exceptional nation. Why? Because the United States was deliberately founded on an idea that was good: self-governance.

“Happily for America, happily we trust for the whole human race, they pursued a new and more noble course. They accomplished a revolution which has no parallel in the annals of human society.” – James Madison, Federalist #14

A Unique Nation

The United States was founded on a belief in self-governance, personal freedom. Personal freedom, the power and natural right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint. – To that end, the United States provides a republic-based way of life. A state in which supreme power is held by the people through their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch. – By design, the United States of America is a constitutional republic. An arrangement of government, where the head of state and other officials are representatives of the people and which governs in accordance with existing constitutional law. It is a government of laws not of men.

Like no other nation, the United States is a place of self-determination. It is here where an individual, regardless of their station or condition, can more fully embrace their meaning as a human being: to exist, to earn, to nourish, to rest, and make-merry.

“In America, you are the author of your own life,” Dinesh D’Souza.

Mother Liberty

Mother Liberty is not Lady Liberty. She stands resolute, but does not judge. She shows the way, but does not prescribe. She embodies hope above order. Mother Liberty is a representation of the United States itself; a symbol standing for an idea, a basic human need: freedom.

"Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" – Statue of Liberty, September 1875

The United States is a place for all of humanity. The weary and shattered; the deprived and unfortunate; the crowds of common people (not ruling elites). Those declared to be less, but desire and long to take in personal freedom. The United States is a spotlight upon an excellent entrance: hope.

The United States, while unique in the world, shares an important similarity with all other nations: it needs a means of unification. It needs something comprehensive; something human; something timeless; something that crosses divisions (real, imagined, or imposed); something that raises up what is true, good and beautiful; something that raises the human spirit for its own sake. The United States needs something that collects The People to a purpose without stamping out the individual.

The United States needs the Christmas Season.

Getting Started

The Christmas Season, or holiday season, is an amazing time of the American calendar. It is during this time that all manner of traditions and celebrations (secular, non-secular, and all manner between) align themselves with nature’s calendar at/near the winter solstice. Generally, this a time when The People purposefully recognize the closing of one year, the opening of a new year, and to embrace the value of family and friends. In the sections to follow, and to keep the discussion brief, I summarize the lineage of the Christmas Season, to touch on secular and non-secular heritage, recap several traditions that are common in America, a Christmas critique, and provide a description of historic figures.

 
Is the Christmas Season special to you? Why? – Please leave a comment or send an e-mail to samfrescoe@gmail.com.

A Long Lineage

Celebrating winter holidays in America is a custom that traces its roots back to the first century, England and across Europe. Over the centuries, these celebrations took on many forms across various cultures and were adapted to meet the needs of peoples along the way.  In my view, it seems clear that human beings have a common need (something in our nature) to gather together at this time of the year for prolonged merrymaking. Today, Americans continue to celebrate the season; however, it was not always this way.

1900’s – Today
Christmas came into the popular discourse near 1931 when construction workers built the first Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree. [1] In 1939, the imagination of Robert L. May gave us Rudolph, “the most famous reindeer of all,” as an attempt to lure shoppers into Montgomery Ward department stores.[2] During the 1950’s, carol singing was revived by ministers, particularly in America. [3]
1931
On Christmas Eve, 1931, during the height of the Clutch Plague, workers at the Rockefeller Center construction site decided to pool their money together to buy a Christmas tree, a 20-foot balsam fir that they decorated with handmade garland from their families. The men lined up at the tree to receive their paychecks. Two years later in 1933, Rockefeller Center decided to make the tree an annual tradition and held the first official lighting ceremony.[4]
1800’s
During the early 1800’s, America was struggling with class conflicts and turmoil.[5] In 1819, Washington Irving wrote The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon, a series of stories about the celebration of Christmas in an English manor house in which Christmas was a peaceful, warm-hearted holiday.[6]  Then, in 1822, Irving penned “Night Before Christmas”.[7]  In 1828, poinsettias were introduced from Mexico by Joel R. Poinsett.[8]During the Victorian Era (1837-1901), especially in England, Christmas was widely celebrated [9] with gift-giving on Christmas Day.[10] Charles Dickens inspired the British (and American) middle class with “A Christmas Carol” in 1843. [11] – In America, on 26 June 1870, Christmas was made a federal holiday. [12] [13] The Salvation Army has been sending Santa Claus-clad donation collectors into the streets since the 1890s. [14]
1700’s
After the Revolutionary War (1765-1783) most English customs fell out of favor in America, including Christmas.[15]
1600’s
In England, the Puritan movement began near 1603 with the reign of Queen Elizabeth. With the rise of Puritan thought, Christmas and other saints' days were banned under pain of a fine.[16] In 1644, all Christmas activities were banned in England.[17] In 1658, Christmas was reinstated in England by Charles II. [18] – In 1607, the first eggnog was consumed in the Jamestown settlement.[19] After the pilgrims arrived in America (1620)[20] Puritan ideas began to take hold. During the 1659-1681 period, Christmas was not a holiday in early America,[21] and was outlawed altogether in Boston; however, Christmas was fully embraced in Jamestown.

Some aspects of Christmas can be traced back to the first century.

400-1400
During the Medieval Period, Christmas was celebrated with feasting and merrymaking for 12 days from Christmas Eve on 24th December, until the Epiphany (Twelfth Night) on 6th January. [22]
End-700’s
Feast of the Nativity spread to Scandinavia. [23]
End-500’s
Feast of the Nativity spread to England. [24]
567
The 12 days from the 25th to the Epiphany were public holidays in England. The 25th became a holiday in 529. [25]
432
Feast of the Nativity (before being called Christmas) spread to Egypt. [26]
400
Pope Sixtus III had a nativity crib built in Rome. [27]  Crib building remained a vocation unto itself until the 1700’s. [28]
300-400
Pope Julius I set 25th December as the date for Christmas[29]/[30] in the hope of leveraging the Saturnalia festival already celebrated by the masses.[31]

Religion and Faith

Christmas is a Christian holy day reserved to mark the birth of Jesus Christ, the son of God. It’s common for Christians to celebrate on December 25th; whereas, Orthodox believers may prefer to celebrate on January 7th.[32]/[33] Interestingly, the Christmas celebration has ancestries in the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah, the festivals of the ancient Greeks, the beliefs of the Druids, and folk customs of Europe. [34]

Does faith have a role in your celebration of Christmas? Tell me about it. – Please leave a comment or send an e-mail to samfrescoe@gmail.com.

Hanukkah

Judaism was the main religion of Israel at the time of Jesus' birth. The Jewish midwinter festival of Hanukkah marks an important part of Jewish history. It is eight days long and on each day a candle is lit. It is a time of remembrance, celebration of light, a time to give gifts and have fun. [35]

Christianity

As Christianity spread into Europe, leaders began to introduce Christian beliefs into local and regional religious creeds (such as Saturnalia).[36]

Winter Festivals

The Christmas Season falls near/after the winter solstice when the days are beginning to grow longer. It was common for people throughout history to feast and celebrate to lift their spirits. Norsemen of Northern Europe and Scandinavia lit bonfires, told stories and drank sweet ale. The Romans also held a festival called Saturnalia for seven days. [37] Additionally, at the winter solstice, Romans observed Juvenalia, a feast honoring the children of Rome. [38]

Do you attend a Christmas celebration or festival? Tell me about it. – Please leave a comment or send an e-mail to samfrescoe@gmail.com.

Saturnalia

It was a time when the ordinary rules were turned upside down. Men dressed as women and masters dressed as servants. The festival also involved processions, decorating houses with greenery, lighting candles and giving presents. [39]  During this period, Roman courts were closed, and Roman law dictated that no one could be punished for damaging property or injuring people during the weeklong celebration.[40] Celebrations were commonly described as a "raucous, rowdy and sometimes bawdy fashion." [41]  Some celebration would go for a month.

Practical Matters

During the early centuries, at this time of year, cattle and livestock were slaughtered so they would not have to be fed during the winter; thus, there was a ready supply of fresh meat. In addition, most wine and beer made during the year was finally fermented and ready for drinking.[42]

Middle Ages

On Christmas, believers attended church, then celebrated raucously in a drunken, carnival-like atmosphere similar to today’s Mardi Gras. [43]

Christmas in America

In the early-1800’s, Americans re-invented Christmas, and changed it from a raucous carnival holiday into a family-centered day of peace and nostalgia. The family was also becoming less disciplined and more sensitive to the emotional needs of children during the early-1800s. Christmas provided families with a day when they could lavish attention and gifts on their children without appearing to “spoil” them.[44]

Trees, Holly and Mistletoe

Bringing trees into homes and decorated them was a pagan practice.[45] Christmas trees became a German tradition and were popularized in the 1600’s by Victorians. [46] In 1834, Prince Albert received a Christmas tree from the Queen of Norway.[47]

The significance of holly predates Christianity. It was important in Pagan customs for protection. Holly was used to decorate doors and windows in the belief it would ward off evil spirits.

The Druids (Celtic priests) would cut the mistletoe that grew on the oak tree and give it as a blessing. Oaks were seen as sacred and mistletoe was a symbol of life in the dark winter months. [48]  Norse mythology recounts how the god Balder was killed using a mistletoe arrow by his rival god Hoder while fighting for the female Nanna. [49]

Caroling and Cards

Victorians revived carol singing before being embraced by American pastors and clergymen in the 1950’s. [50]

Victorians borrowed the practice of card giving from St. Valentine's Day. However, Americans embraced the practice as a good way of keeping in contact with people at home by leveraging the inexpensive postal service. [51]

Gift Giving

Today, Christmas is the biggest holiday in the calendar with the main element the exchange of gifts on Christmas day. [52] While gift-giving seems tied to Christmas Day, it used to be reserved for New Year's Day. [53]

Santa – Santa Claus – Father Christmas – Old Saint Nick – Saint Nicholas

Santa’s origins are in Christian and European tradition; but, his visual image was popularized by American card-makers in the Victorian era. His reindeer sleigh is from Scandinavian mythology. The name, Saint Nicholas, has a Dutch origin. [54]

As a point of fact, Saint Nicholas was born in Parara, Turkey in 270 CE and later became Bishop of Myra.  He died in 345 CE on December 6th.  He was only named a saint in the 19th century. A famous story has him anonymously delivering bags of gold coins to a man who could not afford dowry for his daughters to get married. Nicholas was among the most senior bishops who convened the Council of Nicaea in 325 CE and created the New Testament. [55]

Thomas Nast, a Bavarian illustrator, completed the modern picture of Santa, gave him a home at the North Pole, filled his workshop with elves, and created the good/bad list. In 1931, the Coca Cola Corporation contracted the Swedish commercial artist Haddon Sundblom to create a coke-drinking Santa.  Sundblom modeled his Santa on his friend Lou Prentice, chosen for his cheerful, chubby face.  The corporation insisted that Santa’s fur-trimmed suit be bright, Coca Cola red. [56]

What did I miss? What are your favorite traditions? Why are they important to you? – Please leave a comment or send an e-mail to samfrescoe@gmail.com.

A Time of Excess

Christmas has always been celebrated with a measure of carelessness. [57]  "There's always been a push and pull, and it's taken different forms. It might have been alcohol then, and now it's these glittering toys." [58]

It is the opinion of some that the consumerism of Christmas shopping takes away from the spirit of the season. In the opinion of others this degree of consumerism contradicts the religious goal of celebrating Jesus Christ's birth outright (excessive spending is the modern equivalent of the revelry and drunkenness that made the Puritans frown).[59] Recently, protests against consumerism have been made by Christians and non-Christians, encouraging people to spend time with their families instead of spending money on them.[60]

What are your thoughts? Is the concern of excess important to you? – Please leave a comment or send an e-mail to samfrescoe@gmail.com.

Going Forward

Christmas is both a sacred religious holiday and a worldwide cultural and commercial phenomenon. For centuries, the peoples of the world have observed its traditions and practices that are both secular and non-secular in nature. Americans are no different. Over time, Americans have re-invented the holiday to fill the cultural needs of the nation.[61]  With carol concerts, trees, parties, religious services, and television programs, modern celebrations embrace elements of the Pagan, Christian and folk traditions that have withstood the test of time.

The Bottom Line

Christmas in America is a powerful phenomenon. Like no other holiday, Christmas crosses all divisions at a human level. Christmas serves as a timeless and unifying mechanism that recognizes humanity (its existence, its essences, its accountability, its charity) for its own sake. There is no secular/non-secular qualification inherent in Christmas, just the ones we individually apply.

Christmas was handed down, gifted, to The People by those that came before in order to provide those yet to come a way to recognize, embrace, and protect that which is true, good, and beautiful. Today, we are responsible to steward this amazing and precious gift. Tomorrow, we will be responsible to re-gift it…again.


Thank you. – Sam Frescoe


Your View

Your thoughts and perspectives are important. I invite you to tell me what you believe with the comment section below or at samfrescoe@gmail.com.


© 2016 – SamFrescoeProject.Blogspot.com – All Rights Reserved

 


Tell me about the Names – Who were those folks?

Pope Julius I
Born 337, Died 352 – Ruled Roman Church from 18 Jan 336 through 7 Oct 336. He was elected Pope on 6 Feb 337. [62]
St Gregory Nazianzen
Born 325, Died 389 [63]
Pope Sixtus III
Consecrated 31 July 432, Died 440. He was prominent among the Roman clergy and in correspondence with St. Augustine.[64]
Queen Elizabeth I
Born 7 Sep 1533 – Died 24 Mar 1603. Crowned 1558. Never openly passionate about religion, recognizing its divisive role in English politics. [65]
Captain John Smith
Born Jan 1580 – Died 21 Jun 1631
Oliver Cromwell
Born 25 Apr 1599 – Died 3 Sep 1658 – It is a myth that he personally ‘banned’ Christmas. He served as Lord Protector from December 1653 until his death in September 1658, and likely supported the enforcement of existing measures. [66]
Charles II
Born 29 May 1630 – Died 6 Feb 1685
Cromwell was Lord Protector until his death in 1658, whereby Charles II was enthusiastically welcomed back to England to take the throne as the country's rightful heir. Once Charles II was restored to the throne, all legislation banning Christmas – enforced from 1642 to 1660 – was dropped and the common people were once again allowed to mark the Twelve Days of Christmas. Old traditions were revived with renewed enthusiasm and Christmas was celebrated throughout the country as both a religious and secular festival. [67]
Washington Irving
3 Apr 1783 – 28 Nov 1859; He is best known for the short stories “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “Rip Van Winkle.”[68]
Joel R. Poinsett
2 Mar 1779 – 12 Dec 1851; American physician and diplomat; He was the first U.S. agent in South America, a member of the South Carolina legislature and the United States House of Representatives, the first United States Minister to Mexico, a Unionist leader in South Carolina during the Nullification Crisis, Secretary of War under Martin Van Buren, and a co-founder of the National Institute for the Promotion of Science and the Useful Arts (a predecessor of the Smithsonian Institution).
Prince Albert
26 Aug 1819 – 14 Dec 1861; Married to Queen Victoria
Queen of Norway
Desiree Clary was born 8 Nov 1777, married 17 Aug 1798 to Charles III, ascended 5 Feb 181, ceased 8 Mar 1844, and died 17 Dec 1860. [69]
Charles Dickens
7 Feb 1812 – 9 Jun 1870; English writer and social critic
Queen Victoria
24 May 1819 – 22 Jan 1901; Victoria was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she adopted the additional title of Empress of India.
Robert L. May
27 Jul 1905 – 10 Aug 1976; The creator of Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
Sir James Frazer
1 Jan 1854 – 7 May 1941; a Scottish social anthropologist influential in the early stages of the modern studies of mythology and comparative religion. He is often considered one of the founding fathers of modern anthropology.

 



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